Celiothelioma

Celiothelioma

Summarize

Malignant mesothelioma is a disease characterized by the presence of cancerous cells in the pleura (the thin layer of tissue lining the chest cavity and covering the lungs) or peritoneum (the thin layer of tissue lining the abdominal cavity and covering most organs). This tumor typically spreads to the surface of organs but not into their interiors. It may also spread to nearby lymph nodes or other parts of the body. In rare cases, malignant mesothelioma can develop in the heart or testicles.

Epidemiological

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Etiology & Risk Factors

In some cases, mesothelioma is caused by early cancer treatment, especially radiation therapy. In adults, mesothelioma is associated with exposure to asbestos, which was once used as a building material. There are no reports of children developing mesothelioma from exposure to asbestos.

Classification & Staging

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Clinical Manifestations

Mesothelioma can cause any of the following symptoms and signs. If your child has any of these, consult a pediatrician:

Breathing difficulties ​. Pain under the ribs

Unexplained weight loss

        In addition to mesothelioma, other conditions may cause these same signs and symptoms.

Clinical Department

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Examination & Diagnosis

Mesothelioma can be diagnosed and staged by the following tests:

Physical exam and medical history

Chest X-ray examination

CT scan

PET scan

Fine needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy

        For a description of these checks and processes, see the basic information section above.

        Other tests used to diagnose mesothelioma include:

Bronchoscopy: This procedure is used to examine the trachea and the airways within the lungs for any abnormalities. The bronchoscope is inserted through the nose or mouth into the trachea and lungs. It is a thin, tubular instrument equipped with a light source and a lens for observation. Sometimes, it also includes a tool for obtaining tissue samples, which can be examined under a microscope for signs of cancer.

Thoracoscopy is a surgical procedure used to examine abnormal areas within the chest. A small incision is made between two ribs, and a thoracoscope is inserted into the chest. The thoracoscope is a thin, tube-like instrument equipped with a light and a lens for observation. Sometimes, it also includes a tool for obtaining tissue or lymph node samples, which can be examined under a microscope for signs of cancer. In some cases, this procedure may also involve removing part of the esophagus or lung.

Chest opening: A cut is made between two ribs to check for signs of disease inside the chest cavity.

Cytology: Cells are examined under a microscope for abnormalities. In the case of mesothelioma, doctors will draw fluid from around the lungs or abdomen and have a pathologist examine the cells in the fluid

Clinical Management

For information on the treatments listed below, see the overview of treatment options section.

        Treatment of childhood cutaneous melanoma may include the following:

The cancerous part of the pleura and some surrounding healthy tissue are surgically removed.

 chemotherapy

Radiation therapy is used for palliative care to relieve pain and improve quality of life.

        Children with recurrent mesothelioma may be considered for clinical trials to test whether genes in the patient's tumor samples have changed. Targeted therapy may be given based on the type of gene change.

Prognosis

When the tumor does not spread, the prognosis (chance of recovery) is better.

Follow-up & Review

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Daily Care

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Cutting-edge therapeutic and clinical Trials

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References

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Audit specialists

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