Thymic cancer is a rare form of cancer that originates from the cells lining the outer surface of the thymus gland. The thymus, a small organ located in the upper part of the chest below the sternum, is part of the lymphatic system and produces white blood cells known as lymphocytes to protect the body from infections. Thymic cancer typically develops in the front of the chest and is often discovered incidentally during chest X-rays, such as during routine physical exams.
Thymic cancer is more likely to have spread to lymph nodes or other parts of the body at the time of diagnosis than thymoma.
Other types of tumors, such as lymphoma or germ cell tumors, can also form in the thymus, but are not thymic cancer or thymoma.
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For information on the treatments listed below, see the treatment overview section above.
Thymic cancer is rarely completely removed by surgery and is likely to recur after treatment.
Treatment for childhood thymoma may include the following:
Children with recurrent thymic cancer may be considered for clinical trials to test whether genes in the patient's tumor samples have changed and to target the patient based on the type of gene change.
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