Mammary Cancer

Mammary Cancer

Summarize

Breast cancer is a disease in which malignant (cancerous) cells form in the breast tissue and can occur in both boys and girls.

        Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women aged 15 to 39. Compared to older women, breast cancer in this age group is more aggressive and harder to treat. The treatment approaches for young and older women are similar. Young breast cancer patients can undergo genetic counseling with a specialist trained in genetic diseases and be tested for familial cancer syndromes. Additionally, the potential impact of treatment on fertility should be considered.

        Most breast tumors in children are fibroadenomas, which are benign (not cancerous). In rare cases, these tumors can develop into large phyllodes tumors (cancer) and begin to grow rapidly. If a benign tumor starts to grow quickly, a fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNA) or excisional biopsy may be performed. Pathologists will examine the biopsy under a microscope to check for signs of cancer.

Epidemiological

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Etiology & Risk Factors

        The following factors can increase the risk of breast cancer:

50. The patient has a history of cancer, and the type of cancer may spread to the breast, such as leukemia, rhabdomyosarcoma, soft tissue sarcoma or lymphoma. ​
50. In the past, radiotherapy has been used to treat another type of cancer, such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, in the breast or chest.

        Another test for diagnosing breast cancer is the mammography (X-ray of the breast). When treating other cancers involves radiation therapy to the breast or chest, it is necessary to perform both mammography and breast MRI to detect breast cancer. These tests should begin at age 25 or 10 years after completing radiation therapy, whichever is later.

Classification & Staging

Breast cancer can be diagnosed and staged through the following examinations: • Physical examination and medical history

•MRI

• ultrasound

•PET scan

• Blood biochemical examination

• Chest X-ray examination

• biopsy

        For a description of these checks and processes, see the basic information section above.

Clinical Manifestations

50.         Breast cancer can cause any of the following symptoms. If your child has any of these, consult your child's doctor: • A lump or thickening in or near the breast or armpit area

50. Dimpling or wrinkling of the skin on the breast.
50.  crater nipple 。
50. The skin of the breast, nipple or areola (the dark skin area around the nipple) appears scaly, red or swollen.
50. A small depression in the breast that looks like an orange peel is called Peau d'orange.

In addition to breast cancer, other conditions can also cause these symptoms.

Clinical Department

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Examination & Diagnosis

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Clinical Management

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        For information on the following treatments, see the treatment overview section above.

Treatment for childhood breast cancer may include the following:

• For benign tumors, watch and wait.

• Surgical removal of the tumor, but not the entire breast. Radiation therapy may also be given.

Prognosis

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Follow-up & Review

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Daily Care

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Cutting-edge therapeutic and clinical Trials

Children with recurrent breast cancer may consider participating in clinical trials to test for changes in genes in tumor samples and to target the patient based on the type of gene change.

(For more information on breast cancer treatment in adolescents and young adults, see the PDQ Summary of Breast Cancer Treatment: https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/patient/breast-treat Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndrome t-pdq.)

References

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Audit specialists

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